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zakruti.com » Knowledge, science, education » RealLifeLore
How Italy Became the Most Divided Country in Europe

How Italy Became the Most Divided Country in Europe

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Rating: 4.0; Vote: 1
How Italy Became the Most Divided Country in Europe Channel video: RealLifeLore - Category: Knowledge, science, education
Date: 2024-12-17

Comments and reviews: 20


I would have framed the video a bit differently. Northern Italian here.
I think geography has very little (nothing) to do with the issue.
Southern italy has always been much richer and powerful than northern Italy until the late 13th century. Like there was not even a game.
Then from the late 13th century northern Italy developed thriving independent city-states with local entrepreneurial and manufacturing classes. Meanwhile southern Italy was COLONISED and BRUTALISED and EXPLOITED by foreign powers. From Byzantium to the pope, from French to the Catalans, from Austria to Spain again.
Since then, all the riches of southern Italy would be destroyed and plundered by these foreign armies and exploited to fund the home country interests (you know colonialism.
Independent economic and Political local initiatives will be crushed in blood. Revolts were frequent, only led to more brutal repressions.
There has been some recovery with the local kings in the 18th century when in fact (due to lack of explicit colonialism) Naples became much more developed (both industrially and culturally) than Turin. After which a further wave of colonialism and conquest from the kings of Turin definitely choked this local and independent development in 1860. Once and for all, the historical richest area of Italy and its original birthplace (the kingship of Italy comes from Sicily, the real birthplace of Italy - the king of Italy is the king of Sicily) would be choked and used as a colonia territory to leverage northern dominance.
Southern italy will also further suffer more Cold War issues from the Americans due to: its only oil reserves and its strategic place in the framework of the post-colonial and Cold War dynamics.
The fact that this video tries to explain the under-development of southern Italy without mentioning the word colony or colonialism baffles me as they are the ultimate most important explanatory factor by a mile.
There has been no other region in the world that has been a colony more than Sicily. NONE. A colony for almost 2, 500 years with some brief independent parentheses during the periods of Syracuse and the Normans in the 12-13 cent (where in fact was the richest and most powerful region in the whole Europe and where the kingship of Italy ultimately began.
This video could be simply summarised by one two words: colonialism and geo-political interests of foreign powers.

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As a Southern Italian, many of the things said are certainly right, but the central problem is the socio-political one: The Italian Neoliberal Capitalist System, like many others in the West, has as its sole purpose that of generating the greatest profit in the shortest time possible, without any good long-term planning that takes into account more important factors (such as the environmental impact that makes Northern Italy one of the most polluted regions in Europe; the well-being of the entire national population; public services; etc) The semi-counter-natural tendency to look too much at Continental Europe instead of the Mediterranean as we have always done for millennia (many of the most prosperous periods of Italian history occurred when Italians controlled routes in the Mediterranean, such as at the time of the Maritime Republics, as well as obviously the Roman Era.
Of course these two main negative tendencies have historical reasons, but the ruling class is mostly capitalist and has no intention of changing them, given that this model enriches a few privileged people at the expense of the majority of the population.
If we do not want to count the Roman Era from which the Italians were formed as a people, Italy has been a Nation in the more modern sense since at least 1220-1350 approximately, but from a unitary political point of view only since 1861. Perhaps we are paying the price of not having politically unified ourselves earlier (as perhaps could have happened with the Peace of Lodi and the Italic League of 1454 that guaranteed forty years of stable peace, favoring the flowering of the Renaissance) and therefore more time is needed to arrive at a truly competent unitary politic system. In any case, each timeline has its pros and cons.

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The reason is internal colonialism: Sicilian Mafia came from the nobles let free of practicing formerly illegal latifundium after unity, the Camorra was invented by Pisans to colonize Sardinia, it moved to Campania and somehow kept its original function, especially when the Two Sicilies fell. Also they both were defeated by the wannabe totalitarian fez man and reintroduced along with Operation Husky. About the industries, the biggest, most advanced and richest one in pre-unitarian Italy was definitely the Opificio di Pietrarsa, they could build trains and railways unlike the north that had more roads and such because they were little independent states with little coastline, plus Sardinia-Piedmont that built for war, following the ambition of the House of Savoy, all making debts that were paid in Neapolitan gold. In WW2 the northwestern duopoly of Ansaldo-FIAT greatly damaged the Coutry's productivity, afterwards FIAT kept devouring Italian enterprises and public money to give back less and less. So today the people of south Italy can be seen as the main buyers of Italian products outside the area they are made in, pay the same taxes as the citizens from the north on the same income if they could get it, and black work makes rich only those who give it.
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Imho it's a waste to spend minutes and minutes of video speaking about vulcanos, montains, rivers.
I'm not saying physical geography doesn't play a role, but the key difference for understanding the difference between northern and southern economics is the social and human capital of these two territories. In the north is low, in the south is even lower.
Just a clear example: i don't think that rivers and mountains play any role in education right Despite the fact that education is a state policy competence, the results of standardized tests are way lower in the south. Nethertheless, the percentage of people who receive best grade at final test in high school (which is not-standardized) is way higher in the south. Why is that Because expectations, attitudes and behaviours are different in the south and in the north.
It's very clear if you have even only a small sense of social sensibility but it's a triggering topic in Italy. It's better to say that the EU, the immigrants, Vatican City, and other external factors are the problems of Italy's stagnation instead of accepting that we have a problem in our social capital (that's true for the whole Italy, in the south it's just easier to be seen)

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I’m from Milan, and when I visited Sicily last summer I was very angry at the wasted potential of that region. It’s easily Tourists paradise, very low prices, beautiful architecture, amazing food and nightlife, splendid beaches(in my opinion better than the Balearic Islands, yet for some reason it’s still underdeveloped: terrible infrastructure (rails, airports founded by mafia, dirty streets and people don’t respect traffic rules. The video was great but I think you failed to mention the mafia and the black market which are factors that pollute southern statistics a lot. Also another relevant topic to cite is regional autonomy: the current government is pushing to decentralise the power from Rome giving regions more autonomy and letting financial resources within the region. Southern regions are against that because that would cut off their public funding, whereas northern regions obviously want to keep their money in order to gain even more wealth. It’s a very trivial country.
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That statistic map posted near the end regarding tourism in 2023 is slightly misleading. There are regions in the north that rarely see tourists still especially towards the France border. Also the central Italy portion I would say a big majority of those 54 million travellers stayed on the Mediterranean side in places like Roma, Pisa, Civitavecchia for the cruises etc. My family comes from Civitanova Marche, in Marche region and yes our city does see a ton of tourists during Ferragosto but that's it. I would say a good majority of Le Marche is more similar to Abruzzo than our northern neighbors. Also Umbria does not see many tourists either and would say is starting to be more in tune with the south than the north especially due to the 2016 earthquake in the central Appenines, many towns are now abandoned or being rebuilt and citizens moved to Roma or other larger cities
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I tell Italians this all of the time, but it falls on deaf years And they deny any economic disparity, then proceed to tell me I know nothing about their country because I'm Italian American, little do they know the world is globalizing information is at people's hands, they can tell me about American slavery just as I can tell them how the Italian government moved most economic powerhouses from the south to the north before world war II, and that there are severe economic disparities between the North and the south and the reason why there was an Italian diaspora mainly from the south because conditions were unlivable. Just because I'm American doesn't mean I don't know history I am very capable of analyzing and understanding. I'm so happy this video came to light now I will use it to share whenever I get into this conversation again
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I asked my Italian barber why Northern Italy was more prosperous than the south and he said Northern Italians are more intelligent and more civilized I decided to do some research into what he said and to my surprise Northern Italians have ON AVERAGE (of Course) Higher IQ. Richard Flynn's research has shown that northern Italy has a median IQ of 103. Which is amongst the highest in Europe Rome has a Median IQ of 100. Puglia 92 IQ and Calabria and Sicily 90 IQ. The Genetics of Italians is slightly different in the north and south, with the south having more Spanish and north African, and Greek DNA. IQ is mostly innate so maybe the economic gap will never be solved, because the northerners are just smarter. It seems that the commonsense observations of my Barber were probably correct.
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I live in an area of the US that is considered underdeveloped. and that is precisely why I moved here. To me, this is a good thing.
I have zero interest living in an apartment in the city when for the exact same money I can live in a four bedroom house on 50 acres of land. Bonus is that the populations are low, so fewer people to cause problems, and there is no crime in my area. I am also not forced to be dependent on city services such as trash pickup, water and sewer that have become insanely expensive. Pretty much do as I please on my land without having some Karen or Kevin bossing me around. and I like it that way.
I'm betting lots of folks in Southern Italy feel the same way and just want to be left alone.

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I'm sicilian. Sicily is beautiful, it has everything you want: from the sea to the volcanos, the countryside, natural reserves, lots of history and monuments and awesome food and weather. Sicily is plagued with little to no infrastructures, and the ones we have are extremely outdated, wasted resources, corrupted government, organized crime and NOBODY cares. Sicilians don't care, nobody wants to do anything, if you are capable or are smart, you leave for northern italy or northern europe. I had to leave 5 years ago for northern europe, tired of the ignorance and the not giving 2 fcks about it, and while I still love my home, it saddens me, everytime I think about it, to see all the wasted potential and opportunities.
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I am an Italian from the north and I would like to say that southern Italy has a great tourist, historical and agricultural potential and could become a real resource not only for Italy, but many factors are holding it back, including a certain lax mentality. The south has lived for decades on state aid even if, in some regions such as Puglia and Abruzzo there has been significant development in recent decades. In the 50s-60s-70s there was also a very strong emigration especially towards northern Italy, Germany and Switzerland and this has made the south a land of old people and children (and mafiosi. I believe that it will take many, many years before the situation stabilizes.
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As a graduate in political science and a history professor, I agree with what was said in the video. A perfect and accurate description, but it gives little consideration to the economic policies implemented in Southern regions from the post-war period onwards. Beyond the water crisis, the main issue in the South is a lack of infrastructure (airports, railways, highways, ports, which hinders serious industrial development. Efforts were made to create large industries (some of which still exist today, but they turned out to be so-called cathedrals in the desert. The South still hungers for infrastructure today.
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It may be poor by human standards, but it seems to be a nice looking mountainous region. definitely more interesting to look at than PO valley region, and almost certainly less polluted too!
It may have its limitations for human development compared to other Italian regions, and politics may not have had much interest in helping develop that region, but at least it's not a desolate looking kind of region
Yeah, not many jobs around, that sucks. but plenty of lovely villages and car drives in those mountain roads, and everything that looks nice is already a good starting point for something.

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I'd always imagined the La Spezia-Rimini Line to be the main delineation between northern and southern Italy, but while watching this video and thinking about that, I realized that's just the main delineation between northern and southern Italian languages.
Italy does have regional variations of Standard Italian, which comes originally from Tuscany - which is located south of the La Spezia-Rimini Line, and is thus derived from a southern Italian language, but there are many languages of Italy that don't derive from Standard Italian and are not even mutually intelligible with it.

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Historically, the south of Italy has always been a rich territory for agriculture etc, this has led it to be one of the most sought-after territories in Europe. In fact, the south throughout history has passed from hand to hand. Then as soon as Italy was born, the ruling class (mostly from the north) immediately pursued its own interests by favoring the development of the north and eating off the economy of the South, so it's basically just really bad government, because South has really a lot of potential, maybe more than the north of Italy
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Because all known brands, some you know world wide like Ferrari, Barilla, Armani. are all in the north. And in the soiuth there is the Mafia in the south which pretty much ruins the economy there.
But if you ask north italians.
In fact it is said that if the north would seperate itself from the south it's economy could compete with that of germany. And that's why that idea was and maybe still is an idea for some political parties, in italy.
Rome already is south italy, even if you can count it to the wealthy part or italy.

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Yeah, Italy doesn’t make it easy to visit the south.
I absolutely love Italy and I’ve been many times however, once we flew into Rome to rent a car to take a road trip down to the south and they wouldn’t allow it. Said that no insurance coverage would be accepted if there were any damages anywhere south of Rome, but we were free to drive throughout the rest of the country. And again just recently, I live in Spain and it’s about 70 round-trip to fly to Rome and 500 to fly to Sicily.

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The video is very good and very informative. However, I think it leaves out one important factor in why southern Italy is less developed - discrimination and prejudice. If one asks norterners about southerners, one might well hear some very 'colorful ' words. I, and others I know, have experienced this personally. Before learning that my family's Italian ancestors came from the south of the country, they made some fairly disparaging remarks about the south and the people of that region.
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To be honest, I don't think this divide is gonna be filled, on the contrary it's going to increase.
Italians are not united, it seems like they don't want to be a nation. They can't think themselves as a whole nation. That's cause inequality and a lack of solidarity.
It's unthinkable that North Italy is going to support financially south italy, in the same way West Germany supports East Germany. That would cause discontent in the North italian public opinion.

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I am from southern Italy and I have been to northern Italy so many times.
People in northern Italy might make more money, but I have seen most northerners living on very poor standards compared to southern italy cause cost of living being way higher.
Also keep in mind that many people in the south don’t declare their entire salary, in order to avoid taxation, so it makes it look as if southerners earn way less.

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